Reviewed by Dr. Rebecca Wagner
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Reading time: three minutes
Gum disease develops when plaque builds up along the gumline. The two most common forms are gingivitis and periodontitis. Understanding the difference can help patients recognize early signs of gum disease and seek treatment before the condition progresses.
Gingivitis vs Periodontitis
Gingivitis is the earliest stage of gum disease. It causes inflammation of the gums due to plaque buildup along the gumline. At this stage, the infection affects only the gum tissue and has not damaged the supporting bone. Without treatment, gingivitis can progress into periodontitis.
Periodontitis occurs when the infection spreads below the gums and begins to damage the bone and connective tissues that support the teeth. As the infection progresses, periodontal pockets form between the teeth and gums.
Early Signs of Gum Disease
Gum disease often begins with mild symptoms that are easy to overlook. Recognizing these signs allows treatment to begin early.
Common early signs of gum disease include:
- Bleeding gums when brushing or flossing
- Red, swollen, or tender gums
- Persistent bad breath
- Gum tenderness
- Gums beginning to pull away from the teeth
Why Treating Gum Disease Early Is Important
When treated during the gingivitis stage, inflammation can often be controlled with professional care and improved oral hygiene. However, once infection progresses into periodontitis, bacteria can begin to damage the bone and tissues that support the teeth.
As periodontal pockets deepen, they become more difficult to clean and may continue to collect bacteria. Over time, untreated periodontitis can lead to gum recession, bone loss, loose teeth, and eventually tooth loss.
How Gum Disease Is Treated
During a periodontal exam, the gums are evaluated for inflammation, pocket depth, and bone loss. X‑rays may also be used to assess the supporting bone around the teeth. Treatment focuses on removing plaque, tartar, and bacteria from below the gumline to control infection.
Common periodontal treatments may include:
- Professional dental cleanings
- Scaling and root planing, a deep cleaning below the gums
- Periodontal maintenance to monitor and control bacterial growth
- Surgical procedures when advanced disease is present
- LANAP laser surgery
Periodontal Care at The Wagner Centre
Dr. Rebecca Wagner provides specialized periodontal care focused on diagnosing and treating gum disease at every stage. At The Wagner Centre, treatment plans are designed to control infection, protect the supporting structures of the teeth, and support long‑term oral health.
Using advanced diagnostic tools and modern periodontal therapies, Dr. Wagner helps patients address gum disease early and manage more advanced cases when needed.
Protect Your Gum Health
If you are experiencing bleeding gums, swelling, or other early signs of gum disease, a periodontal evaluation can help determine the stage of the condition and the most appropriate treatment.
To schedule an appointment at ourperiodontal office in Chambersburg, PA, call (717) 263-0606 or visit us at129 Chambers Hill Dr. Chambersburg, PA17201.
FAQs
Gingivitis itself is not considered contagious, but the bacteria that contribute to gum disease can be transferred through saliva. Sharing utensils, toothbrushes, or kissing may allow oral bacteria to spread between individuals. Maintaining good oral hygiene helps reduce this risk.
Gingivitis is the earliest stage of gum disease and is usually reversible. With professional dental cleanings and consistent brushing and flossing at home, gum inflammation can often resolve before permanent damage occurs.
Treating gingivitis involves improving oral hygiene and removing plaque and tartar from the teeth. Professional dental cleanings, along with daily brushing and flossing, help control bacteria and allow the gums to heal.
Many people can keep their natural teeth for years with periodontal disease if the condition is properly managed. Periodontal treatment and regular maintenance visits help control infection and slow the progression of bone loss.
